What is the term for the interval of time between successive upper transits of a star?

The interval of time between successive upper transits of a star is known as a local sidereal day. This concept is crucial in astronomy and surveying because it relates to the Earth's rotation relative to distant stars rather than the Sun. A local sidereal day lasts about 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds, which is the time it takes for the Earth to complete one rotation on its axis relative to a fixed point in space, such as a star.

This measurement is essential for astronomers and surveyors to understand celestial navigation and alignments with stars. A local solar day, in contrast, is based on the position of the Sun, which results in a 24-hour cycle due to the Earth's orbit around the Sun affecting the timing of solar noon. Universal time refers to time measured at the Prime Meridian and does not specifically consider the positions of stars. Geographical time is not a formal term in this context and lacks precise definition in relation to astronomical measurements. Thus, local sidereal day is the correct term for the time interval needed between successive observations of a star's transit.