What is the primary function of the county court in Texas?

The primary function of the county court in Texas, particularly in the context of civil matters, relates to the court's role in overseeing and managing affairs that are integral to local governance, such as adopting budgets and establishing tax rates. County courts often focus on administrative responsibilities within the counties, including financial management and resource allocation. This allows for effective governance at the county level, aligning with the needs and priorities of the local community.

In contrast, other options pertain to separate responsibilities that do not align with the primary function of the county court. Civil cases and criminal prosecutions are generally handled by various district or statutory courts, and while county courts may have some authority in these matters, they primarily deal with administrative and financial aspects. Similarly, managing elections is typically the responsibility of a designated election authority rather than the county court itself. Therefore, the adoption of budget and tax rates stands out as the core duty of the county court in Texas.